CSA Preface
Standards development within the Information Technology sector is harmonized with international standards development. Through the CSA Technical Committee on Information Technology (TCIT), Canadians serve as the SCC Mirror Committee (SMC) on ISO/IEC Joint Technical Committee 1 on Information Technology (ISO/IEC JTC1) for the Standards Council of Canada (SCC), the ISO member body for Canada and sponsor of the Canadian National Committee of the IEC. Also, as a member of the International Telecommunication Union (ITU), Canada participates in the International Telegraph and Telephone Consultative Committee (ITU-T).
CSA ISO/IEC 13818-1 is an adoption without modification of the identically titled ISO/IEC (International Organization for Standardization/International Electrotechnical Commission) Standard 13818-1:2018. It also includes ISO/IEC Amendment 1:2018, Ultra-low latency and 4k and higher resolution support for transport of JPEG 2000 video.
For brevity, this Standard will be referred to as CSA ISO/IEC 13818-1 throughout.
This Standard supersedes CAN/CSA-ISO/IEC 13818-1:16 (adopted ISO/IEC 13818-1:2015). At the time of publication, ISO/IEC 13818-1:2018 is available from ISO and IEC in English only. CSA Group will publish the French version when it becomes available from ISO and IEC.
This Standard has been formally approved, without modification, by the Technical Committee and has been developed in compliance with Standards Council of Canada requirements for National Standards of Canada. It has been published as a National Standard of Canada by CSA Group.
Summary
This Recommendation | International Standard specifies the system layer of the coding. It was developed in 1994 to principally support the combination and synchronization of video and audio coding methods defined in ISO/IEC 13818 Part 2 (ITU-T H.262) and Part 3. Since 1994, this standard has been extended to support additional video coding specifications (e.g., ISO/IEC 14496-2, ITU-T H.264 | ISO/IEC 14496-10, ITU-T H.265 | ISO/IEC 23008-2 and ITU-T T.800 | ISO/IEC 15444-1 Annex M JPEG 2000 video), audio coding specifications (e.g., ISO/IEC 13818-7 and ISO/IEC 14496-3), system streams (e.g., ISO/IEC 14496-1 and ISO/IEC 15938-1), ISO/IEC 23009-1 dynamic adaptive streaming over HTTP (DASH), ISO/IEC 13818-11 intellectual property management and protection (IPMP) as well as generic metadata. The system layer supports six basic functions:
1) the synchronization of multiple compressed streams on decoding;
2) the interleaving of multiple compressed streams into a single stream;
3) the initialization of buffering for decoding start up;
4) continuous buffer management;
5) time identification; and
6) multiplexing and signalling of various components in a system stream.
Recommendation ITU-T H.222.0 | ISO/IEC 13818-1 multiplexed bit stream is either a transport stream or a program stream. Both streams are constructed from packetized elementary stream (PES) packets and packets containing other necessary information. Both stream types support multiplexing of video and audio compressed streams from one program with a common time base. The transport stream additionally supports the multiplexing of video and audio compressed streams from multiple programs with independent time bases. For almost error-free environments the program stream is generally more appropriate, supporting software processing of program information. The transport stream is more suitable for use in environments where errors are likely.
Recommendation ITU-T H.222.0 | ISO/IEC 13818-1 multiplexed bit stream, whether a transport stream or a program stream, is constructed in two layers: the outermost layer is the system layer, and the innermost is the compression layer. The system layer provides the functions necessary for using one or more compressed data streams in a system. The video and audio parts of this Specification define the compression coding layer for audio and video data. Coding of other types of data is not defined by this Recommendation | International Standard, but is supported by the system layer provided that the other types of data adhere to the constraints defined in this Recommendation | International Standard.
