Preface
This is the second edition of CSA N294, Decommissioning of facilities containing nuclear substances. It supersedes the previous edition published in 2009.
Changes to this edition include the following:
a) guidance was added on the transition to decommissioning and storage with surveillance (SWS);
b) guidance was added on in-situ decommissioning;
c) regulatory administrative provisions were removed from the Standard;
d) terminology was updated to align with CNSC REGDOC-3.6 (Glossary) and international terminology as much as practical;
e) revisions for alignment with regulatory documents;
f) removal of annex on costing; and
g) a new clause was added on land use remediation.
This Standard was developed in response to a need for direction on decommissioning consistent with Canadian and international recommendations. It incorporates current best practices and existing regulatory requirements. This Standard also draws on the decommissioning experience of the Canadian nuclear industry.
The CSA N-Series Standards provide an interlinked set of requirements for the management of nuclear facilities and activities. CSA N286 provides overall direction to management to develop and implement sound management practices and controls, while the other CSA Group Nuclear Standards provide specific technical requirements and guidance that support the management system. This Standard works in harmony with CSA N286 and does not duplicate the generic requirements of CSA N286, however it may provide more specific direction for those requirements.
Users of this Standard are reminded that additional and site-specific requirements might be specified by federal, provincial, or municipal authorities. This Standard should not be considered as a replacement for the requirements contained in the Nuclear Safety and Control Act and its Regulations or in other legislation, standards, or guides.
Scope
1.1
This Standard applies to the decommissioning of nuclear facilities and other locations where nuclear substances are managed, possessed, or stored.
Notes:
1) Users are responsible for determining the extent to which this Standard applies to a given facility or location and for consulting the associated regulatory requirements.
2) Annexes J, H, K, and I contain recommended approaches for the decommissioning of mine waste rock and mill tailings, complex sites, small facilities other than Class I or II, and high energy reactor facilities, respectively.
1.2
This Standard does not apply to the decommissioning of facilities or equipment involving only
a) naturally occurring radioactive material (NORM);
b) technologically enhanced, naturally occurring radioactive material (TENORM); or
c) radiation-emitting devices.
Notes:
1) In Canada, radiation-emitting devices includes those consumer and medical devices regulated under the Radiation Emitting Devices Act and similar industrial radiation-emitting devices regulated by the provinces.
2) This Standard provides guidance that might be useful for facilities and sites containing the materials and equipment specified in this Clause.
1.3
It might be necessary, for functional purposes (e.g., reuse of a building) or for the mitigation of risk and cost escalation, to rehabilitate part of a facility during operation (e.g., in a redundant building or mined-out pit). Though rehabilitation is not specifically addressed in this Standard, the methodology and principles of decommissioning may be applied to the rehabilitation of a portion of a facility.
Note: Regulatory approval might be required for rehabilitation work.
1.4
In this Standard, shall is used to express a requirement, i.e., a provision that the user is obliged to satisfy in order to comply with the standard; should is used to express a recommendation or that which is advised but not required; and may is used to express an option or that which is permissible within the limits of the Standard.
Notes accompanying clauses do not include requirements or alternative requirements; the purpose of a note accompanying a clause is to separate from the text explanatory or informative material.
Notes to tables and figures are considered part of the table or figure and may be written as requirements.
Annexes are designated normative (mandatory) or informative (non-mandatory) to define their application.
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