Citation
  • Arefmanesh, M., Mototsune, O., and Koukoulas, A. (2025). Navigating the Bioeconomy: A Review of Cross-cutting Terms. Canadian Standards Association, Toronto, ON.

Executive Summary

Inconsistent definitions, lack of product specifications, and misaligned regulatory frameworks present significant obstacles to the advancement of the bioeconomy, particularly in its role as an enabler of innovation and sustainability. Without universally accepted terminology, interested parties across industries—ranging from biotechnology and agriculture to energy and manufacturing—face challenges in effectively communicating research findings, product claims, and regulatory requirements. This ambiguity slows the adoption of bio-based innovations, limits market access, and hinders cross-sector collaboration.

Furthermore, regulatory misalignment between regions and industries complicates the scaling of bio-based innovations. Discrepancies in classification, approval processes, and sustainability criteria can lead to fragmented markets, where bio-based products that meet regulations in one country may face barriers in another. This lack of harmonization limits global trade and slows the development of cohesive, sustainable bioeconomic strategies.

Addressing these challenges through evidence-based standardization is essential for unlocking the full potential of the bioeconomy. Establishing clear, science-driven definitions, harmonized regulations, and universally recognized product standards would foster transparency, promote efficiency, and enable the seamless exchange of knowledge and goods across borders. This alignment would not only accelerate innovation but also enhance consumer confidence, attract investment, and support the global transition toward a more sustainable and bio-based economy.

To overcome these challenges, this report outlines an approach to developing a comprehensive and universally accepted glossary that will standardize key terms and bridge sectoral and regional differences. The report suggests leveraging internationally recognized definitions—such as those from the European Union, the International Organization for Standardization (ISO), and other globally accepted frameworks—while also tailoring them to regional best practices (e.g., Canada’s forest management strategies).

Bridging terminology gaps through evidence-based standardization is essential for the bioeconomy’s growth and sustainability. By addressing inconsistencies, creating product-specific benchmarks, and fostering global collaboration, interested parties can unlock the sector’s full potential.

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Authors

  • Maryam Arefmanesh, PhD., Senior Consultant, AFRY Management Consulting
  • Owen Mototsune, Analyst, AFRY Management Consulting
  • Alexander Koukoulas, PhD., Director, AFRY Management Consulting

Project Advisory Panel

  • Ben Bronson, NRCan
  • Matyas Kosa, West Fraser
  • Michael Rensing, MJ Rensing Consulting
  • Shabnam Sanaei, Canfor Pulp
  • Lynn Barber, CSA Group
  • Dragica Jeremic Nikolic, CSA Group
  • Olan Raji, CSA Group
  • Bailey Smith, CSA Group (Project Manager)

Disclaimer

This work has been produced by the authors and is owned by Canadian Standards Association. It is designed to provide general information in regard to the subject matter covered. The views expressed in this publication are those of the authors and interviewees. The authors and Canadian Standards Association are not responsible for any loss or damage which might occur as a result of your reliance or use of the content in this publication.

Copyright

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